Emerging therapies & exam strategy
What's changing in each specialty: the trials, agents and guideline shifts most likely to matter for the FRACP Divisional Written Exam.
Emerging Therapies for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease with major morbidity, and after decades of slow progress it has entered a genuinely active therapeutic era — including a new…
Emerging Therapies in Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multi-system autoimmune disease of fibrosis and vasculopathy, in which interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) is a leading cause of death. Recent trials have moved the…
Emerging Therapies in Small-Vessel (ANCA-Associated) Vasculitis
ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) — granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) — has undergone a therapeutic revolution built…
Emerging Therapies in Large-Vessel Vasculitis (Giant Cell Arteritis and Takayasu)
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu arteritis carry substantial risk of vascular complications and chronic disability, and their treatment has traditionally meant prolonged high-dose…
Emerging Therapies in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management still rests on methotrexate and biologic DMARDs, but the landscape has expanded to targeted oral JAK inhibitors, novel immune-checkpoint approaches, and — at the…
Behçet's Disease: Current and Emerging Therapies
Behçet's disease is a multisystem vasculitis whose management is organ- and severity-based, combining classical immunosuppressants with targeted biologics for refractory or severe involvement. The…
Emerging Therapies for Sjögren's Disease
Sjögren's disease (increasingly designated SjD, reflecting its recognition as a distinct systemic autoimmune disease rather than merely a syndrome) has long lacked any approved systemic targeted…
Emerging Therapies for Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Inflammatory Myositis
The idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (polymyositis, dermatomyositis) and polymyalgia rheumatica have moved beyond nonspecific immunosuppression toward targeted biologics — including, for…
Emerging Therapies in Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies
The seronegative spondyloarthropathies — ankylosing spondylitis, non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA), psoriatic arthritis, and related conditions — are driven largely by the…
Polyarteritis Nodosa: Current Management
Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a necrotizing vasculitis of medium and small arteries that can be life-threatening without prompt recognition and treatment. Contemporary management, guided by the…
Kawasaki Disease: Current and Emerging Therapies
Kawasaki disease is an acute vasculitis of childhood affecting small and medium arteries, with coronary artery aneurysms the principal long-term threat. Timely treatment to shorten fever and prevent…
Crystalline Arthropathies (Gout and CPPD): Advances and Management
Gout (monosodium urate deposition) and calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease cause acute, episodic arthritis and chronic joint damage. Management aims to control inflammation, reduce…
Marfan Syndrome: Modern Therapy and Guidelines
Marfan syndrome, caused by pathogenic variants in FBN1, leads to progressive aortic root dilation with risk of dissection, alongside ocular and musculoskeletal complications. The central management…
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: Modern and Emerging Therapies
The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes are hereditary connective-tissue disorders; the vascular type (vEDS), caused by defective type III collagen, is the most dangerous owing to a high risk of arterial…
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